RTK vs PPK vs Static Surveying – Which One is Right for Your Project?
When working with GNSS receivers for land surveying, drone mapping, or construction, choosing the right method — RTK, PPK, or Static — can make a big difference in your project’s success. But what’s the difference between them, and when should you use each one?
This guide breaks down each method with real-world use cases, pros and cons, and comparison tables to help you decide.
🔎 What Do RTK, PPK, and Static Mean?
- RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) – Provides centimeter-level accuracy in real time via base station corrections
- PPK (Post-Processed Kinematic) – Data is recorded and processed later using GNSS software for high precision
- Static Surveying – Collects long-duration satellite data to compute highly accurate control points
📊 Comparison Table
| Method | Accuracy | Real-Time? | Use Cases | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RTK | 1–2 cm | ✅ Yes | Land surveys, stakeout, drone mapping | Fast, real-time feedback | Needs stable radio/NTRIP connection |
| PPK | 1–3 cm | ❌ No | Drone photogrammetry, remote areas | No signal needed in field | Requires post-processing software |
| Static | Sub-centimeter | ❌ No | Control points, geodetic work | Extreme accuracy | Long observation time (30 mins+) |
📌 When to Use Each GNSS Method
Use RTK If:
- You need results in real time
- You have access to a base station or NTRIP caster
- You’re doing construction layout, site topo, or quick field work
Use PPK If:
- You fly drones in remote areas without RTK signal
- You want to avoid connection dropouts during flights
- You’re processing data with software like RTKLib, Emlid Studio, or Pix4D
Use Static If:
- You’re setting control points for engineering, cadastral, or base network
- Precision is critical (e.g. below 1 cm)
- You can leave the receiver fixed for 30 minutes or more
🧰 Equipment Needed
- ✔️ RTK: GNSS base and rover or access to an NTRIP caster
- ✔️ PPK: GNSS rover (recording RINEX), base station data, and processing software
- ✔️ Static: High-quality GNSS receiver capable of long sessions and logging
🎯 Conclusion: Choose Based on Accuracy, Speed & Environment
Each method has its place:
- RTK for fast results with live connection
- PPK for reliable accuracy when RTK isn’t feasible
- Static for absolute accuracy and long-term geodetic control
Need help selecting GNSS gear that supports RTK, PPK, or Static? We offer affordable, field-tested equipment that matches your workflow.
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Next in this series: How to Convert GNSS Logs (UBX, LLH, RINEX) for Post-Processing